Wildlife strike risk assessment : development of new methodologies in two International Italian airports

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dc.contributor.advisor Torricelli, Patrizia
dc.contributor.advisor Soldatini, Cecilia <1975>
dc.contributor.author Coccon, Francesca <1984> it_IT
dc.date.accessioned 2014-07-26T11:42:47Z
dc.date.available 2014-07-26T11:42:47Z
dc.date.issued 2013-12-10
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4657
dc.description.abstract Aircraft collisions with wildlife, hereafter wildlife strikes, are a growing threat to civil aviation safety. Of these wildlife strikes, bird-aircraft collisions (hereafter birdstrikes) are of major concern because of the strike frequency and associated damage. Importantly, these wildlife-strike statistics reflect an increasing risk to aviation safety due to the considerable increase of air traffic and growth of the civil aviation industry, demographic explosion of synanthropic bird species and their habituation to live in human-modified habitats and to exploit food sources deriving from human activities. Furthermore, airports are highly attractive for wildlife, whose presence pose substantial hazards to aviation, leading to a high occurrence of wildlife strikes. As a consequence, the adoption of strategies aimed to limit the wildlife-aircrafts collisions at airports and keep under control the risk is strongly needed. The current PhD research project fits into this perspective, with the aim to develop new tools for wildlife strike risk assessment, which may be used by airport managers to improve the aviation safety worldwide. The study has been conducted in two international Italian airports: The Venice Marco Polo airport and the Treviso Antonio Canova airport, highly attended by wildlife since located in very important naturalistic areas, respectively on the inland border of the Venice lagoon and along the River Sile Regional Natural Park. The main objective of the research is to develop a new holistic bio-geographic risk index or Attraction Risk Index (ARI) for birdstrike risk assessment. The innovation of the ARI risk index is to combine the environmental features and attractive sites for wildlife around airports, with the wildlife attending the studied airport as well as the recorded air traffic and birdstrikes. Additionally, the present study is intended to provide information on the relative attractiveness of sources to wildlife in order to highlight the most appealing ones, thus the most hazardous from an aviation perspective. Results from the study will help in dealing with airport management problems and safety improvement. it_IT
dc.description.abstract Le collisioni tra la fauna selvatica e gli aerei, fenomeno conosciuto come wildlife strike, costituiscono una minaccia crescente per la sicurezza aerea. Tra tutti, gli impatti che destano maggior preoccupazione sono i birdstrikes, ovvero le collisioni tra i velivoli e l’avifauna. Ciò a causa della frequenza con cui si verificano tali incidenti e dei danni ad essi associati. Negli ultimi anni il trend di wildlife strike è aumentato drasticamente, di pari passo col crescente traffico aereo e l'esplosione demografica di specie definite ‘sinantrope’ in quanto abituate a frequentare habitat antropizzati e a sfruttare fonti alimentari derivanti dalle attività umane. Gli aeroporti risultano altamente attrattivi per la fauna selvatica, la cui presenza pone dunque un rischio concreto per l'aviazione, portando altresì ad un’elevata incidenza di wildlife strikes all’interno del sedime aeroportuale. Di conseguenza, risulta fondamentale l’adozione di strategie atte a limitare il numero di impatti e a tenere sotto controllo il rischio. Questo progetto di dottorato si inserisce in questa prospettiva, con l'obiettivo di sviluppare nuovi strumenti per l’analisi del rischio di wildlife strike, che potranno essere utilizzati dai gestori aeroportuali al fine di implementare la sicurezza aerea su scala globale. Lo studio è stato condotto in due aeroporti Internazionali Italiani: l'aeroporto Marco Polo di Venezia e l'aeroporto Antonio Canova di Treviso, entrambi altamente frequentati da fauna selvatica essendo situati in aree particolarmente importanti dal punto di vista naturalistico, rispettivamente al confine con la laguna di Venezia e lungo il Parco Naturale Regionale del fiume Sile. L'obiettivo principale della ricerca è quello di sviluppare un nuovo indice di rischio, denominato Attraction Risk Index (ARI). Tale indice risulta innovativo nel campo dell’analisi del rischio di wildlife strike in quanto utilizza un approccio olistico, integrando fra loro le caratteristiche ambientali e le fonti attrattive per la fauna selvatica presenti nell’area circostante l’aeroporto, le specie in esso rilevate, il traffico aereo e gli impatti registrati. Inoltre, il presente studio fornisce informazioni circa l’ attrattività relativa delle fonti con l’obiettivo di definire i prime drivers per la fauna selvatica e dunque gli elementi più pericolosi per il traffico aereo. I risultati ottenuti sono volti ad una corretta gestione aeroportuale e ad implementare la sicurezza aerea. it_IT
dc.language.iso eng it_IT
dc.publisher Università Ca' Foscari Venezia it
dc.rights © Francesca Coccon, 2013 it_IT
dc.subject Birdstrike it_IT
dc.subject Risk it_IT
dc.subject Airport it_IT
dc.subject Management it_IT
dc.subject Wildlife it_IT
dc.title Wildlife strike risk assessment : development of new methodologies in two International Italian airports it_IT
dc.title.alternative Sviluppo di nuove metodologie per l'analisi del rischio di wildlife strike presso due aeroporti italiani internazionali it_IT
dc.type Doctoral Thesis en
dc.degree.name Scienze ambientali it_IT
dc.degree.level Dottorato di ricerca it
dc.degree.grantor Scuola di dottorato in Scienze e tecnologie (SDST) it_IT
dc.description.academicyear 2013 it_IT
dc.description.cycle 26 it_IT
dc.degree.coordinator Capodaglio, Gabriele
dc.location.shelfmark D001374 it
dc.location Venezia, Archivio Università Ca' Foscari, Tesi Dottorato it
dc.rights.accessrights openAccess it_IT
dc.thesis.matricno 955849 it_IT
dc.format.pagenumber [6], 187 p. : ill. it_IT
dc.subject.miur BIO/07 ECOLOGIA it_IT
dc.description.tableofcontent 1. Introduction 2 1.1 Approaches for wildlife strike risk assessment at airports 4 1.2 Research objectives 6 1.3 Outline of the thesis 7 2. Case studies 9 2.1 Marco Polo airport 9 2.2 Antonio Canova airport 11 Part I - Descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis 13 3. Analysis on wildlife presence and abundance 13 3.1 Wildlife monitoring activities 13 3.2 Subdivision of the study areas 14 3.3 Data analysis 14 3.4 Results 16 3.4.1 Checklist 16 3.4.2 Seasonal trend and use of the habitat 27 3.4.3 Seasonal distribution of the functional groups of species 30 4. Analysis of the sources potentially attractive for wildlife 35 4.1 Ecological assessment 35 4.2 Mapping of the attractive sources for wildlife 36 5. Wildlife strike risk analysis by the application of the Birdstrike Risk Index BRI2 39 5.1 Introduction 39 5.2 Data analysis 40 5.3 Results 40 6. Ecological characterization of the airports 43 6.1 Introduction 43 6.2 Data analysis 43 6.3 Results 44 7. Discussion 49 Part II – New methodologies for Wildlife Strike Risk Assessment 50 8. Development of a predictive model on the spatial movements of two hazardous species for aviation in relation to attractive sources 50 8.1 Introduction 50 8.2 The target species 51 8.2.1 The yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis (Naumann, 1840) 53 8.2.2 The black-headed gull Croicocephalus ridibundus (Linnaeus, 1766) 54 8.3 Methods 55 8.3.1 Definition of the prime drivers for gulls 55 8.3.2 Data collection 56 8.4 Data analysis 56 8.4.1 Fitting the predictive model 57 8.4.2 Testing the selected modelling approach 58 8.5 Results 58 8.5.1 Attractiveness of the sources to gulls 58 8.5.2 Geographical frequency of the attractive sources 60 8.5.3 Flight pattern of gulls during daytime and different periods 62 8.5.4 Air corridors of gulls during daytime and different periods through the studied airports 64 8.5.5 Model prediction on yellow-legged gulls’ flight lines 65 8.5.6 Test of the predictive modelling approach 69 8.6 Discussion 72 9. Development of a Bio-Geographic Risk Index 76 9.1 Introduction 76 9.2 Methods 76 9.2.1 Study area and data collection 76 9.2.2 Data analysis 77 9.2.3 Attraction Risk Index 80 9.3 Results 82 9.4 Discussion 88 9.5 Nomenclature 90 10. General discussion 91 References 93 Annex I – Seasonal and daily trend and Use of the habitat of the functional groups of species 99 Venice Marco Polo Airport – VCE 99 Treviso Antonio Canova airport – TSF 116 Annex II – Seasonal distribution of the functional groups of species 131 Venice Marco Polo airport 131 Treviso Antonio Canova airport – TSF 139 Annex III – Analysis of wildlife community at the airports’ habitats 147 Venice Marco Polo airport - VCE 147 ANOSIM- Analysis of Similarities 147 SIMPER- Similarity Percentages - species contributions 150 Treviso Antonio Canova airport - TSF 159 ANOSIM - Analysis of Similarities 159 SIMPER - Similarity Percentages - species contributions 160 Annex IV – Air corridors of yellow-legged gulls and black-headed gulls through the airports during daytime and different biological periods 167 Venice Marco Polo airport 167 Larus michahellis – Yellow-legged gulls 167 Croicocephalus ridibundus – Black-headed gulls 171 Treviso Antonio Canova airport 175 Larus michahellis – Yellow-legged gulls 175 Croicocephalus ridibundus – Black-headed gulls 177 Ringraziamenti 179 Acknowledgments 181 Additional information 183 Participation to Congresses 183 Contributions to Congresses 183 Contributions to the Inauguration of the Doctoral School of Ca’ Foscari University 184 Participation to Workshops 184 Participation to technical courses 185 Scientific publications 185 Scientific reports 186 Extra scientific activities 187 it_IT
dc.identifier.bibliographiccitation Coccon, Francesca. "Wildlife strike risk assessment : development of new methodologies in two International Italian airports", Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, tesi di dottorato, 26. ciclo, 2013 it_IT


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