Effects of organic and metallorganic pollutants on European gastropod species

dc.contributor.advisor	Pavoni, Bruno	it_IT
dc.contributor.advisor	Galloway, Tamara	it_IT
dc.contributor.author	Noventa, Seta <1980>	it_IT
dc.date.accessioned	2010-05-22T07:15:07Z	it_IT
dc.date.accessioned	2012-07-30T16:03:15Z
dc.date.available	2010-05-22T07:15:07Z	it_IT
dc.date.available	2012-07-30T16:03:15Z
dc.date.issued	2010-01-25	it_IT
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10579/995	it_IT
dc.description.abstract	The present PhD project develops two research lines addressed to verify the suitability of common gastropod species as 'sentinel organisms' for multibiomarkers-based monitoring programs and the possible involvement of PCB in the induction of Imposex phenomenon in gastropods. In the context of the first research line two fiel surveys were carried out in order to assess the potential of selected suites of biomarkers (Intersex/Imposex, Comet assay, MN assay, NRR assay and FRAP assay) in discriminating natural populations of 'Littorina littorea' and 'Hexaplex trunculus' experiencing different stress conditions. The toxicological characterization was coupled with the chemical description of organic contaminants' bioaccumulation pattern (PAH, OTC, PCB and OCP). For the second research line three "pilot" tests were carried out for setting the experimental design of a long-term dietary exposition of 'Nassarius nitidus' specimens to PCB environmental concentrations.	it_IT
dc.description.abstract	Il presente progetto di Dottorato sviluppa due diverse linee di ricerca volte a verificare la possibilità di utilizzare comuni molluschi gasteropodi come 'organismi sentinella' per programmi di biomonitoraggio basati sull'approccio 'multibiomarkers' ed il possibile contributo dei PCB nell'induzione del fenomeno di Imposex nei gasteropodi. Relativamente alla prima linea di ricerca sono state condotte due indagini in campo volte a verificare la capacità di una selezionata batteria di 'biomarker' (Intersex/Imposex, Comet assay, MN assay, NRR assay e FRAP assay) di discriminare popolazioni naturali di 'Littorina littorea' e 'Hexaplex trunculus' sottoposte a differenti condizioni di stress. La caratterizzazione tossicologica è stata effettuata in parallelo alla descrizione chimica del bioaccumulo di comuni inquinanti organici (PAH, OTC, PCB e OCP). Relativamente alla seconda linea di ricerca sono stati condotti tre esperimenti "pilota" volti a definire alcuni aspetti del disegno sperimentale di un'esposizione cronica a PCB di individui della specie 'Nassarius nitidus' mediante la dieta.	it_IT
dc.format.medium	Tesi cartacea	it_IT
dc.language.iso	en	it_IT
dc.publisher	Università Ca' Foscari Venezia	it_IT
dc.rights	© Seta Noventa, 2010	it_IT
dc.subject	Gasteropodi	it_IT
dc.subject	Biomarkers	it_IT
dc.subject	Inquinanti organici	it_IT
dc.subject	Inquinanti metallorganici	it_IT
dc.subject	Ecotossicologia	it_IT
dc.title	Effects of organic and metallorganic pollutants on European gastropod species	it_IT
dc.title.alternative	Effetti indotti da inquinanti organici e metallorganici su specie europee di molluschi gasteropodi	it_IT
dc.type	Doctoral Thesis	it_IT
dc.degree.name	Scienze ambientali	it_IT
dc.degree.level	Dottorato di ricerca	it_IT
dc.degree.grantor	Facoltà di Scienze matematiche fisiche e naturali	it_IT
dc.description.academicyear	2008/2009	it_IT
dc.description.cycle	22	it_IT
dc.degree.coordinator	Pavoni, Bruno	it_IT
dc.location.shelfmark	D000925	it_IT
dc.location	Venezia, Archivio Università Ca' Foscari, Tesi Dottorato	it_IT
dc.rights.accessrights	openAccess	it_IT
dc.thesis.matricno	955342	it_IT
dc.format.pagenumber	184 p.	it_IT
dc.subject.miur	CHIM/12 CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE E DEI BENI CULTURALI	it_IT
dc.description.tableofcontent	CONTENTS ..... 2 LIST OF ACRONYMS ..... 5 1 INTRODUCTION ..... 7 1.1 RESEARCH AIM..... 7 1.2 MARINE ORGANIC POLLUTANTS ...... 10 1.2.1 PAH ...... 11 1.2.2 PCB .... 22 1.2.3 OCP ... 28 1.2.4 OTC..... 32 1.3 POLLUTION RELATED STRESSES ..... 37 1.3.1 GENOTOXICITY ..... 38 1.3.2 OXIDATIVE DAMAGE...... 41 1.3.3 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION..... 48 1.3.4 CYTOTOXICITY ...... 55 1.4 BIOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR MARINE POLLUTION ASSESSMENT ..... 58 1.4.1 BIOMARKERS ............... 59 1.5 ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION RELATED STRESSES IN NATURAL POPULATIONS ... 64 1.5.1 GENOTOXICITY ASSESSMENT ........ 64 1.5.2 OXIDATIVE STRESS ASSESSMENT ........ 72 1.5.3 ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION ASSESSMENT ........ 76 1.5.4 GENERAL HEALTH STATUS ASSESSMENT ..... 79 1.6 BIOMARKERS APPROACH FOR MARINE POLLUTION ASSESSMENT ...... 83 1.6.1 BIOMARKER RESERCH CHALLENGES ...... 85 1.7 SENTINEL ORGANISMS IN BIOMONITORING PROGRAM .... 86 1.7.1 MULTI-SPECIES BIOMARKER APPROACH ..... 86 1.7.2 MOLLUSCS... 87 1.7.3 GASTROPODS ......... 88 1.8 RESEARCH GOALS AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS ........ 94 1.8.1 RESEARCH LINE 1 ........ 94 1.8.2 RESEARCH LINE 2 ....... 98 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS ....... 100 2.1 RESEARCH LINE 1 ........ 100 2.1.1 SAMPLING SITES ........ 100 2.1.2 SAMPLING AND PRE-TREATMENT ......... 107 2.2 RESEARCH LINE 2 ........ 109 2.2.1 TEST-ORGANISMS RECRUITMENT....... 109 2.2.2 POISONING SYSTEMS..... 109 2.2.3 TEST CHAMBERS AND EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS....... 111 2.2.4 TESTS SCHEME ............... 111 2.3 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS ........ 113 2.3.1 PAH, PCB AND OCP DETERMINATION .......... 113 2.3.2 OTC DETERMINATION...... 116 2.4 BIOLOGICAL METHODS .............. 118 2.4.1 SAMPLE PREPARATION ........... 118 2.4.2 COMET ASSAY .............. 118 2.4.3 MICRONUCLEI ASSAY ............... 119 2.4.4 FRAP ASSAY ......... 120 2.4.5 INTERSEX/IMPOSEX DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS ..... 120 2.4.6 NEUTRAL RED RETENTION ASSAY ........... 126 2.5 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ........ 127 2.5.1 UNIVARIATE ANALYSES .............. 127 2.5.2 MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS...... 127 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ........ 129 3.1 EXPERIMENT 1 .......... 129 3.1.1 RESULTS ......... 129 3.1.2 DISCUSSION ....... 137 3.1.3 CONCLUSION ..... 140 3.2 EXPERIMENT 2 ...... 142 3.2.1 RESULTS ...... 142 3.2.2 DISCUSSION ...... 146 3.2.3 CONCLUSION ........ 150 3.3 EXPERIMENT 3 ......... 151 3.3.1 RESULTS ....... 151 3.3.2 DISCUSSION ....... 154 3.3.3 CONCLUSION ....... 157 4 CONCLUSIONS ........ 158 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS....... 160 REFERENCES .......... 161 ANNEX I ......... 178	it_IT
dc.identifier.bibliographiccitation	Noventa, Seta. “Effects of organic and metallorganic pollutants on European gastropod species”. Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Tesi di Dottorato, 22. ciclo, 2010	it_IT