Tracking the Evolution of Air Pollution Disparities in Mexico City: A Spatial and Statistical Analysis

Abstract

This thesis aims to explore the intersection of environmental factors and social justice in the context of air pollution in Mexico City. Mexico City is a well-known hot spot for air pollution, with its high levels of pollutants being linked to a range of health issues. The problem of air pollution in the city is caused by several factors, such as its unique topography and meteorological conditions, rapid urbanization, increasing vehicular traffic, and inadequate environmental policies and regulations.

To understand the spatial and social distribution of air pollution, this study utilizes statistical and geospatial tools. It examines the disparities in exposure to air pollution based on individuals' socioeconomic status, while also analyzing the changing relationship between socioeconomic factors and air pollution distribution over time. Furthermore, the study evaluates the effectiveness of policy and regulatory interventions in reducing air pollution.

The study draws on data from two sources, the Atmospheric Monitoring System of Mexico City (SIMAT) and the Urban Marginalization Index (UMI), which considers several indicators such as educational backwardness, access to health services, housing quality, and basic services. The study analyzes the distribution of pollutants and socioeconomic indicators at the smallest territorial subdivision level.

The research findings of this study aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between environmental factors and social justice in the context of air pollution in Mexico City. By doing so, this study provides crucial insights into effective policy and regulatory interventions that can help reduce air pollution and promote equity in both, social and environmental domains in the city.