Influence of climate change on the environmental behavior and distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)

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dc.contributor.advisor Marcomini, Antonio it_IT
dc.contributor.advisor MacLeod, Matthew it_IT
dc.contributor.author Lamon, Lara <1980> it_IT
dc.date.accessioned 2010-06-05T09:10:06Z it_IT
dc.date.accessioned 2012-07-30T16:03:29Z
dc.date.available 2010-06-05T09:10:06Z it_IT
dc.date.available 2012-07-30T16:03:29Z
dc.date.issued 2010-03-03 it_IT
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1008 it_IT
dc.description.abstract Ricostruzioni temporali dell’andamento climatico dimostrano come esso sia in continuo cambiamento. Sono numerose le osservazioni sperimentali a scala regionale e globale a favore della teoria del cambiamento climatico. Anche i microinquinanti organici (POP, Persistent Organic Pollutants) costituiscono una questione di interesse sopranazionale. Questa tesi di dottorato ha l’obiettivo di studiare in quale modo il cambiamento climatico possa influenzare il comportamento ambientale dei POP, sostanze prioritarie il cui comportamento ambientale dipende anche dalle variabili climatiche. Nella prima parte della tesi saranno introdotte le tematiche di cambiamento climatico, POP e la metodologia che sarà poi sviluppata nella sezione applicativa seguente, ed è presentata una analisi delle conseguenze che il cambiamento climatico può avere sui vari aspetti connessi ai POP (in particolare sul monitoraggio, sulle attività modellistiche e sulle applicazioni legislative). Nella seconda sezione saranno applicati modelli di fugacità per sviluppare le considerazioni di cui sopra attraverso due casi di studio. Il primo esercizio modellistico consiste nell’applicazione di un modello esistente a scala globale adattato a due scenari climatici, di cui uno presente a rappresentare lo stato attuale, ed uno scenario di cambiamento climatico A2 come definito dal Pannello Intergovernativo sul cambiamento climatico (IPCC). Il secondo consiste nella costruzione di un modello di fugacità di III livello a scala regionale i cui risultati sono confrontati con valori provenienti da osservazioni sperimentali, e poi è parametrizzato in modo da rappresentare lo senario A1B come definito dall’IPCC in modo da valutare quali fattori influenzino significativamente la distribuzione ambientale dei composti organici considerati. it_IT
dc.description.abstract The climate temporal reconstruction shows how the Earth’s climate is in continuous change. Evidence of climate change has been observed at both the global and regional scales. The environmental contamination caused by Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) is also a global concerning issue. This Ph.D. thesis aims at investigating which effects climate change would exert on the environmental distribution of POPs, priority pollutants which behavior is affected by climate variables. First, the concepts about climate change and POPs are introduced, the methods which will be used in the applicative part are described, and a review on the consequences of climate change on POPs behavior and on POPs-related activities (i.e. monitoring, modeling and regulation) is presented. In the application section, multimedia fate and transport models are applied in order to investigate the climate change effect on POPs environmental behavior through the development of two case studies. The first model exercise aims at understanding which factors are more effective in determining POPs environmental behavior under a climate change scenario through the application of a global fate and transport model (BETR Global) to two climate scenarios, a present climate scenario and the A2 climate change scenario, a reference climate change scenario defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The second case study consists on the creation of a level III fugacity model for the Adriatic Sea, and is evaluated and then is parameterized following the A1B climate change scenario as it is defined by the IPCC in order to investigate which is the effect of climate change on POPs environmental distribution and concentration. it_IT
dc.format.medium Tesi cartacea it_IT
dc.language.iso en it_IT
dc.publisher Università Ca' Foscari Venezia it_IT
dc.rights © Lara Lamon, 2010 it_IT
dc.subject Climate change it_IT
dc.subject Environmental behaviour it_IT
dc.subject Persistant organic pollutants (POPs) it_IT
dc.subject Fugacity it_IT
dc.title Influence of climate change on the environmental behavior and distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) it_IT
dc.title.alternative Influenza del cambiamento climatico sul comportamento e sulla distribuzione ambientale dei contaminanti organici persistenti (POP) it_IT
dc.type Doctoral Thesis it_IT
dc.degree.name Scienze ambientali it_IT
dc.degree.level Dottorato di ricerca it_IT
dc.degree.grantor Facoltà di Scienze matematiche fisiche e naturali it_IT
dc.description.academicyear 2008/2009 it_IT
dc.description.cycle 22 it_IT
dc.degree.coordinator Pavoni, Bruno it_IT
dc.location.shelfmark D000938 it_IT
dc.location Venezia, Archivio Università Ca' Foscari, Tesi Dottorato it_IT
dc.rights.accessrights openAccess it_IT
dc.thesis.matricno 955349 it_IT
dc.format.pagenumber IX, 139 p. it_IT
dc.subject.miur CHIM/12 CHIMICA DELL'AMBIENTE E DEI BENI CULTURALI it_IT
dc.description.note Doctor Europaeus. - La tesi è stata svolta in co-tutorato da parte di Matthew MacLeod, senior researcher al Politecnico di Zurigo (ETHZ). it_IT
dc.description.tableofcontent SUMMARY VI SOMMARIO VII LIST OF CONTRIBUTIONS VIII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVES 1 1.2 THESIS STRUCTURE 3 1.3 THE CMCC AS A PROJECT 4 PART 1: THEORETICAL PART 7 CHAPTER 2 AN OVERVIEW 8 2.1 CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES 8 2.1.1 Climate change scenarios considered in this thesis 9 2.2 POPS: REGULATIONS AND DEFINITIONS 10 2.2.1 POPs in the environment 14 2.3 POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) 16 2.3.1 Manufacture and use of PCBs 17 2.3.2 PCB Congeners analyzed in this thesis 19 2.4 POPS AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY 19 2.5 METHODS DEVELOPED WITHIN THIS THESIS 20 2.5.1 Eulerian and Lagrangian coordinates 21 2.5.2 The chemical potential 21 2.5.3 The fugacity concept 22 2.5.4 Steady state, equilibrium and levels of complexity 25 CHAPTER 3 INTRODUCING AN INTEGRATED CLIMATE CHANGE PERSPECTIVE IN POPS MODELING, MONITORING AND REGULATION 27 3.2 INTRODUCTION 28 3.3 POPS AND CLIMATE CHANGE 29 3.3.1 Direct and indirect impacts of climate change 30 3.3.2 Climate change influence on POPs behavior and fate 30 3.4 IMPLICATIONS FOR MONITORING 30 3.5 IMPLICATIONS FOR MODELING 30 3.5.1 Modeling POPs 30 3.5.2 Temporal variability approach in understanding Climate Change consequences on POPs behavior 30 3.5.3 Future perspectives 30 3.6 IMPLICATIONS FOR REGULATION AND POLICY 30 3.7. CONCLUSIONS TO CHAPTER 3 30 PART 2: METHODOLOGICAL PART 30 INTRODUCTION TO PART 2 OF THIS THESIS 30 CHAPTER 4: MODELLING THE GLOBAL LEVELS AND DISTRIBUTION OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN AIR UNDER A CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIO 30 4.1 INTRODUCTION 30 4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS 30 4.3.1 The model and its parameterization 30 4.3.2 Physicochemical properties and emission scenarios for PCB 28 and PCB 153 30 4.3.3 Model performance evaluation 30 4.3.4 Model experiments 30 4.4 RESULTS 30 4.5 DISCUSSION TO CHAPTER 4 30 CHAPTER 5: MODELING THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE MASS BALANCE OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN THE ADRIATIC SEA 30 5.1. INTRODUCTION 30 5.1.2. The study area 30 5.2. METHODS 30 5.2.1. Model development 30 5.2.2. Model parameterization 30 5.2.3. Uncertainty analysis 30 5.2.4 Emission scenario 30 5.3. MODEL EXPERIMENTS 30 5.4. MODEL RESULTS 30 5.4.1. Model evaluation 30 5.4.2 Sensitivity and Uncertainty analysis 30 5.4.3. Model results for climate scenario experiments 30 5.5. DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS PRESENTED IN CHAPTER 5 30 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS 30 REFERENCES 30 APPENDIX A 30 A.1 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE FOUR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS BETWEEN THE TWO SCENARIOS 30 A.2 PHYSICAL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PCB 28 AND PCB 153 30 A.3 MODEL EVALUATION 30 A.4 ADDITIONAL MODEL RESULTS FROM EXPERIMENT 1 30 A.5 LINEAR PLOTS FOR EXPERIMENT 1 AND 2 30 APPENDIX B 30 B.1 MODEL SET UP 30 B.2 PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA 30 B.3 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS 30 B.4. CLIMATE VARIABLES 30 B.4.1 Atmospheric parameters 30 B.4.2 Oceanic parameters 30 B.5 MASS BALANCE DIAGRAMS 30 B.6 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS 30 B.7 EXPERIMENTS RESULTS 30 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 30 it_IT
dc.identifier.bibliographiccitation Lamon, Lara. 'Influence of climate change on the environmental behavior and distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)', Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, tesi di dottorato, 22. ciclo, 2010. it_IT


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