Crisis in Context: Exploring the Regional Dynamics of the Refugee Displacement in the Horn of Africa

Abstract

The Horn of Africa has long been plagued by a complex set of dynamics, starting from political instability and conflict to environmental degradation and economic struggle. This thesis delves into the depths of the humanitarian crisis that has been gripping the region for years. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of its causes, impacts and potential solutions provided by the international community. Thanks to a multidisciplinary approach from sociology, history and international relations, the research starts by exploring the root causes of the crisis. Particular attention has been paid to the interplay between conflict and displacement, examining how protracted conflicts and ethnic tensions have exacerbated humanitarian needs and have caused large-scale refugee movements within the region. Furthermore, the thesis will investigate the influence that this refugee displacement is having on the stability of the region and on a smaller scale, also the social impact that hosting large refugee movements is having on receiving communities. Finally, it will deal with the international response to the crisis, analysing the effectiveness of aid campaigns and identifying examples of cooperation and innovative approaches taken by International Organisations and NGOs towards a possible resolution of the crisis.