Recovery of Nutrients from Wastewater Using Forward Osmosis; An Innovative Approach in Sustainable Resource Management

Abstract

This thesis investigates the potential of utilizing forward osmosis (FO) as an innovative method for recovering nutrients from wastewater. FO, as a selective extraction technique employing osmotic gradients across a semi-permeable membrane, offers the opportunity to extract valuable nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus while improving water utilization efficiency. Based on an extensive review of relevant articles, including two prominent studies, this research focuses on exploring and explaining the current knowledge regarding nutrient recovery from wastewater using FO. Key factors influencing the process, including membrane characteristics, osmotic solutions, and operational conditions, are comprehensively examined, providing a comprehensive analysis of the influential factors on nutrient extraction efficiency and overall system performance. The thesis evaluates the advantages and limitations of FO compared to conventional separation methods such as reverse osmosis and membrane filtration processes. Furthermore, based on the findings from the reviewed literature, suggestions for future research directions and potential improvements in utilizing FO for nutrient recovery are presented. Through this research, we aim to emphasize the utilization of FO technology in nutrient recovery from wastewater, contributing to sustainable resource management practices and addressing the global challenges of diminishing natural resources and water scarcity.