Yeast as a binder in the ground layer of the Danish Golden Age paintings.

Abstract

Cereal and yeast proteins in the ground layers of Danish Golden Age paintings were confidently identified after a proteomic analysis. This proteomic profile pointed to a byproduct of beer brewing, aligning with information found in local artists’ manuals. The use of this unconventional binder can be connected to the workshops within the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts. This project aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical and structural behavior of yeast as a new material in the ground layers of Danish Golden Age paintings as well as to investigate the lipidic content. The research involves characterizing original samples and reconstructions, and the performance of analytical techniques such as Dynamic Vapor Sorption, Tensile Testing, Optical Microscopy, Thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry, and Gas Chromatography.