Ecofeminism and Environmental Justice: human/non-human interconnections

Abstract

This essay aims to explore the relationship between women and the environment and the issue of environmental justice in the specific by analysing the thought of those authors who, over the years, have contributed to enriching the reflection on ecofeminism.

First, I will outline an analysis of the current global situation in terms of economic, social and environmental inequalities: from the unequal use of natural resources, to the unlimited accumulation of wealth and power of some to the detriment of the most fragile and vulnerable humanity, to the capitalist system of inordinate economic growth resulting in the degradation and destruction of nature.

Next, my analysis will lead to the social root of such injustices, then it will focus on the system of domination relations on which societies have developed and operate. It is a system characterised by hierarchical patterns, oppositional dichotomies and individualism – which gives rise to forms of abuse such as androcentrism, speciesism, sexism and racism.

I will introduce ecofeminism as a form of interconnection, inclusion and care for life and nature that welcomes – and cooperates with – all living beings, human and non-human. My aim here is to draw a picture of the origins of the ecofeminist movement which began a narrative of history from not only a feminist, but also an egalitarian point of view, with regard to social and racial groups, the environment and natural resources.

In conclusion, as an example of the relationship between the domination over women and the exploitation of nature, a description will ensue of two Italian cases of environmental justice – Seveso and Casale Monferrato – in which women have become protagonists in the struggle for gender emancipation and environmental protection, in an attempt to eradicate the capitalist and patriarchal system that traditionally relegates them to a condition of subordination.