Mapping Past and Future Commercial Shark Populations in the Mediterranean and Analysis of Possible Consequences.

Abstract

Sharks are one of the most important marine groups due to the fact that different species have the capability to survive is extreme conditions all over the world and this has made their presence as an apex predator very influential to each of their unique ecosystems. Sharks are now facing detrimental consequences due to overfishing, as well as, rapid climate changes in their environment. Here we look at the how environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, and primary production in the Mediterranean Sea has influenced the presence of 16 different species of sharks on the IUCN Redlist over the past half century. Followed by mapping the possible future distribution of these species over the next 50 years based on the RCP8.5 scenario. Using systematic mapping and analysis, it can be seen that there is a significant difference in the distribution of multiple threatened species of shark, which can result in trophic shifts of crucial environments to the livelihood of Mediterranean communities. Knowing where theses sharks are most likely to shift will allow for adaptation for fishing communities, as well as, conservation and protection for the sharks themselves.