Historia e identitad mediterránea: el exilio en María Zambrano, Rafael Alberti y Luis Cernuda

Abstract

Mediterranean history and identity: the exile of Maria Zambrano, Rafael Alberti and Luis Cernuda

The following dissertation deals with the study of the main events that distinguish the history of the mediterranean area. The analysis aims at individuating differences and similarities between the several ways of living and thinking of the countries that share the same geographical area. The introduction and the first part works as an historical overview which helps to identify the main cultures that emerged along the centuries and how they mixed each other. The second one proposes the analysis of the main works of Maria Zambrano, her vision of the exile during the dictatorship of Franco in Spain. Thanks to her message and other Spanish authors like Rafael Alberti and Luis Cernuda who lived the same condition, the exile, although attempts of silencing, enhances a voice that is constantly listened in this places where the exiles were expelled from. The exile is a revelation and proposes a set of new possibilities that helps the man to abandon discriminatory positions in order to build a new system of beliefs. Finally, the third part is devoted to the concepts of identity, borders, memory, religion and globalization, the heritage of the millenarian collision-meeting in the Mediterranean. This section makes use of the most important sociological, anthropological and poetical points of view to know how this space has changed towards positions of closure and oppressions.